Description
Bacteria:
Escherichia coli K1, Haemophilus influenzae, Listeria monocytogenes, Neisseria meningitides, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus pneumonia
Viruses:
Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Enterovirus (EV), Herpes simplex virus (HSV-1), Herpes simplex virus (HSV-2), Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6), Human parechovirus (HPeV), Varicella zoster virus (VZV)
Yeast:
Cryptococcus neoformans/gattii
Sample Type:0.2 mL of CSF (do not centrifuge)
Tests Included:
A comprehensive panel of 14 tests to diagnose various causes of meningitis and encephalitis, including bacterial, viral, and fungal pathogens.
Sample Required:
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) obtained via lumbar puncture.
Test Time:
Results may vary based on the specific tests performed, ranging from a few days to a week or more.
Test Range Values:
Identification of specific pathogens causing meningitis or encephalitis.
What is the test?
The ME panel consists of multiple tests designed to identify the causative agents of meningitis and encephalitis, which are infections or inflammations of the meninges (the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord) and the brain, respectively. The panel helps healthcare providers pinpoint the specific bacteria, viruses, or fungi responsible for the infection.
Test Procedure:
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is collected through a lumbar puncture (spinal tap). The CSF sample undergoes various laboratory tests, including culture, molecular methods (PCR), antigen detection, and antibody assays, to identify the pathogens causing meningitis or encephalitis.
When to take the test:
The test is performed when a healthcare provider suspects meningitis or encephalitis based on symptoms such as severe headaches, neck stiffness, fever, confusion, or neurological deficits.
Who should take the test:
Individuals with symptoms suggestive of meningitis or encephalitis, especially those with high fever, severe headaches, altered consciousness, or seizures, may undergo the ME panel for accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
Precautions for exceptional cases (pregnancy, etc.):
Pregnant individuals can undergo lumbar puncture if necessary. Healthcare providers consider pregnancy status and potential risks when interpreting the results.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) for Meningitis/Encephalitis (ME) Panel:
Q1: Can meningitis or encephalitis be caused by a viral infection?
A: Yes, both meningitis and encephalitis can be caused by viral infections. Viral meningitis and viral encephalitis are common forms of these conditions, with various viruses, such as enteroviruses and herpesviruses, being the causative agents.
Q2: Is bacterial meningitis more severe than viral meningitis?
A: Bacterial meningitis is generally considered more severe than viral meningitis. Bacterial meningitis can progress rapidly and lead to life-threatening complications. Prompt diagnosis and treatment, often with antibiotics, are crucial for bacterial meningitis. Viral meningitis is usually milder and may resolve on its own or with supportive care.
Q3: Is meningitis or encephalitis contagious?
A: Meningitis and encephalitis caused by certain viruses or bacteria can be contagious and spread from person to person, especially through respiratory droplets. Close contacts of affected individuals may be at risk and may need prophylactic treatment or vaccination, depending on the causative agent.
*Please note that specific testing protocols and guidelines may vary based on the latest recommendations from health authorities and regulatory agencies. It is essential to consult healthcare professionals and follow local testing guidelines for accurate and appropriate testing.
