Antigen

Antigen tests are crucial for detecting specific proteins or markers in the body that indicate infections or certain diseases. These tests can identify the presence of pathogens, monitor disease progression, and assist in diagnosis.

What is it?

An antigen test is a diagnostic tool used to detect specific proteins or substances that are part of a pathogen, such as a virus or bacteria. The presence of these antigens in the body can indicate infection, immune response, or the presence of specific diseases, often even before symptoms appear.

Why is it important?

Antigen tests are widely used for their ability to detect infections early and monitor disease presence in a faster and more affordable way compared to other types of tests. They are essential for identifying conditions such as cancers, infections like malaria, and autoimmune diseases.

Common Symptoms Addressed by the Antigen Test:

Unexplained weight loss

Fever or chills

Fatigue or weakness

Swelling or inflammation

Unusual bleeding or bruising

Skin rashes or sores

Difficulty breathing or persistent cough

Tests Included:

Carcino Embryonic Antigen (CEA):

This test is used to monitor cancer, especially colorectal, pancreatic, and other cancers. CEA levels can be elevated in individuals with cancer, though it may also rise due to other conditions like inflammation or infections.

Cryptococcus Antigen, CSF:

This test detects the presence of Cryptococcus, a fungal infection that can affect the brain and spinal cord. It is primarily used in patients with symptoms of meningitis or other central nervous system infections.

Dengue Antigen NS1 (ELISA):

This test detects the presence of the NS1 antigen, a protein produced by the dengue virus. It is used to diagnose dengue fever, especially in the early stages of infection, before antibodies develop.

Factor VIII Antigen (vW-VonWillebrand):

This test measures the levels of Factor VIII, an essential protein for blood clotting. Low levels of this antigen can indicate hemophilia or von Willebrand disease, both of which affect blood clotting.

Glutamate Dehydrogenase (GDH) Antigen:

GDH is a biomarker associated with Clostridium difficile infection. This test is used to detect the presence of this harmful bacterium in patients with gastrointestinal symptoms.

HIV P-24 Antigen:

This test detects the p24 protein of the HIV virus, typically in the early stages of HIV infection. It is used to diagnose HIV in patients who may not yet have developed detectable levels of antibodies.

Malarial Antigen, Vivax & Falciparum:

This test detects antigens from Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum, the two most common species of malaria-causing parasites. It is used to diagnose malaria infections in patients with relevant symptoms.

Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA), Free:

This test measures the free form of PSA, a protein produced by the prostate. It is used to evaluate the risk of prostate cancer, monitor ongoing prostate health, and assess the effectiveness of treatments for prostate conditions.

Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA), Total:

A test to measure both free and bound PSA in the blood. Elevated levels may indicate prostate cancer, benign prostatic hyperplasia, or other prostate conditions.

SAR’S Covid Antigen:

This antigen test detects the presence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, the causative agent of COVID-19. It is often used for rapid testing during active infections, providing quick results for diagnosis.

Estimated Price Range:

Antigen tests typically range from INR 139.00 to INR 3,927.00, with various discounts and offers available for some tests.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What does the Carcino Embryonic Antigen (CEA) test measure?

CEA is a protein that may be elevated in individuals with certain types of cancer, particularly colorectal cancer. This test helps monitor the progression of cancer or check for recurrences.

Why should I get a Dengue Antigen NS1 test?

If you have symptoms of dengue fever, such as high fever, joint pain, or rash, this test can detect the presence of the NS1 antigen, helping confirm a dengue infection.

How accurate is the HIV P-24 Antigen test?

The HIV P-24 Antigen test is highly accurate for detecting HIV during the early stages of infection, before the body has developed antibodies. It provides a quicker diagnosis compared to antibody tests.

What is the difference between free and total Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA)?

Free PSA measures the unbound form of PSA in the blood, while total PSA includes both free and bound forms. Together, they provide a more comprehensive view of prostate health.

Do I need to prepare for an antigen test?

Preparation for antigen tests is generally minimal but follow your healthcare provider’s instructions regarding fasting or hydration before testing.