Description
Serum, NA, Fasting or Non Fasting: As suggested by doctor
Sample Required:
For this test, a sample of ascitic fluid is required. Ascitic fluid is the fluid that accumulates in the abdominal cavity and can be obtained through a procedure called paracentesis.
Test Time:
The culture and sensitivity test for ascitic fluid involves several steps, including the incubation of the sample to allow any bacteria to grow. Results are usually available within a few days to a week, depending on the type of bacteria being tested and its growth rate.
Test Normal Range:
The normal range for this test is typically “no bacterial growth” or “no bacterial infection detected.” If bacteria do grow in the ascitic fluid culture, further testing is performed to determine their sensitivity to antibiotics.
What is the Test?
The culture and sensitivity test for ascitic fluid is used to detect the presence of bacteria in the fluid that accumulates in the abdominal cavity. It helps diagnose or confirm a suspected bacterial infection in the abdominal cavity, a condition known as spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP).
Test Procedure:
To perform the culture and sensitivity test for ascitic fluid:
A healthcare provider will perform paracentesis to collect a sample of ascitic fluid.The ascitic fluid sample is then sent to a laboratory. In the laboratory, the fluid is placed in a culture medium that promotes the growth of bacteria if they are present. If bacteria grow, they are identified, and further tests are conducted to determine which antibiotics are effective against them (sensitivity testing).
When to Take the Test:
This test is taken when a healthcare provider suspects a bacterial infection in the abdominal cavity, particularly in patients with cirrhosis of the liver, ascites, or those who present with abdominal pain, fever, and signs of infection.
Who Should Take This Test:
Individuals with cirrhosis of the liver and ascites who develop symptoms suggestive of an abdominal infection. Patients with other abdominal conditions or recent abdominal surgeries where infection is suspected.
Precautions for Exceptional Cases (Pregnancy, etc.):
This test is generally safe for most individuals. However, specific precautions may be necessary based on individual health conditions. Your healthcare provider should be consulted about any worries.
FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions):
Q1: What is spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP)?
A: SBP is a bacterial infection of the ascitic fluid in the abdominal cavity. It is a serious complication of cirrhosis and can lead to life-threatening sepsis.
Q2: How is SBP treated?
A: Treatment typically involves antibiotics, and the choice of antibiotics depends on the type of bacteria and their sensitivity.
Q3: What are the risk factors for developing SBP?
A: Cirrhosis of the liver is the primary risk factor. Other factors include a previous history of SBP and low levels of protein in the ascitic fluid.
Q4: Is paracentesis safe?
A: Paracentesis is generally considered safe when performed by a trained healthcare provider. However, like any medical procedure, there are some risks, such as infection or bleeding.
Q5: Can this test be used for routine screening?
A: This test is not used for routine screening but is ordered when there is clinical suspicion of an abdominal infection, especially in individuals with cirrhosis and ascites.
