Description
Serum, Treponema pallidum Hemagglutination test detects antibodies in blood against Syphilis, which is a sexually transmitted disease caused by bacteria Treponema pallidum. Syphilis spreads from person to person via a syphilitic lesion (chancre) and, if left untreated, can harm eyes, heart, nerves, and even brain. It can also spread from an infected mother to her unborn baby (congenital syphilis). The presence of antibodies in the serum of an infected person is usually used to make a diagnosis. The non anti-treponemal antibodies tests (such as VRDL) have become popular as rapid screening tests due to their presence only at the time of primary infection, but confirmation of diagnosis requires performance of anti-treponemal antibody test (like TPHA)., Non Fasting
Sample Required:
The Treponema Pallidum Haemagglutination Assay (TPHA) requires a blood sample obtained through a standard blood draw.
Test Time:
Results from the TPHA test are usually available within a few days, depending on the laboratory’s processing time.
Test Normal Range:
TPHA is a qualitative test, and the results are reported as positive or negative. A positive result indicates the presence of antibodies against the bacterium Treponema pallidum, which causes syphilis.
What is the Test:
The TPHA test is a blood test used to detect the presence of antibodies against Treponema pallidum, the bacterium responsible for syphilis. It is a confirmatory test for syphilis and is often used in conjunction with other tests like the Rapid Plasma Reagin (RPR) test.
Test Procedure:
A healthcare professional will draw a blood sample from a vein in your arm using a sterile needle. After that, the blood sample is transported to a laboratory for analysis.
When to Take the Test:
The TPHA test is typically performed when there is a suspicion of syphilis infection or when initial screening tests, like the RPR test, are positive. It is also used to confirm the diagnosis of syphilis during different stages of the disease.
Who Should Take This Test:
Individuals who have symptoms of syphilis, such as sores, rashes, or flu-like symptoms, should undergo the TPHA test. It is also recommended for individuals who have had unprotected sexual contact with someone infected with syphilis or who are at risk of contracting the disease.
Precautions for Exceptional Cases (Pregnancy, etc.):
There are generally no specific precautions related to pregnancy for the TPHA test. Pregnant individuals with concerns about syphilis should discuss them with their healthcare provider, as syphilis can have serious consequences for both the mother and the baby if left untreated.
FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions):
Q1: Is a positive TPHA result definitive for syphilis?
A: A positive TPHA result indicates the presence of antibodies to Treponema pallidum, which can be due to a current or past infection. Further testing and clinical evaluation are needed to determine the stage and activity of the infection.
Q2: Can the TPHA test give false-positive results?
A: False-positive results can occur with the TPHA test, especially in certain medical conditions or if there is cross-reactivity with other infections. Confirmatory tests, such as the fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption (FTA-ABS) test, may be used to clarify the diagnosis.
Q3. Is the TPHA test routinely done during pregnancy?
A: The TPHA test is often part of routine prenatal screening for syphilis. Early detection and treatment of syphilis during pregnancy are crucial to prevent complications in both the mother and the baby.
Q4: Is fasting required before the TPHA test?
A: Fasting is not required before the TPHA test. You can have this test done at any time, and there are no dietary restrictions associated with it.
Q5: Can syphilis be cured if detected through the TPHA test?
A: Yes, syphilis can be effectively treated with medicines if caught early. It’s important to seek prompt medical attention and follow the prescribed treatment to prevent complications.
