Description
Blood, NA, Fasting or Non Fasting: As suggested by doctor
Sample Required:
The GeneXpert (Xpert MTB) test typically requires a sputum sample, which is a mixture of saliva and mucus from the respiratory tract. In some cases, other respiratory samples such as bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) or induced sputum may also be used.
Test Time:
The GeneXpert test is known for its rapid results. It can provide preliminary results for tuberculosis (TB) within 2 hours and comprehensive results, including drug resistance testing, within a few hours to a day, depending on the laboratory’s processing times.
Test Normal Range:
The GeneXpert test doesn’t have a traditional “normal range” like some blood tests. Instead, it detects the presence or absence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (the bacterium that causes TB) and can provide information about drug resistance.
What is the Test?
The GeneXpert (Xpert MTB) test is a molecular diagnostic test used to detect the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) in respiratory samples. It is particularly valuable for diagnosing tuberculosis and assessing drug resistance.
Test Procedure:
To perform the GeneXpert test, a respiratory sample, usually sputum, is collected from the patient. This sample is then processed in a GeneXpert machine, which uses a molecular method known as Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) to detect the DNA of M. tuberculosis.
When to Take the Test:
The GeneXpert test is recommended when there is clinical suspicion of tuberculosis, especially in cases of persistent cough, fever, night sweats, and weight loss. It is also crucial for diagnosing drug-resistant TB.
Who Should Take This Test:
Individuals who are at risk of tuberculosis, especially if they exhibit symptoms, or those who have been exposed to someone with TB, should consider taking this test. Healthcare providers may also use it for TB screening in high-risk populations.
Precautions for Exceptional Cases:
There are generally no specific precautions for exceptional cases like pregnancy when taking the GeneXpert test. However, it’s essential to follow the instructions for providing the respiratory sample accurately.
FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions):
Q1: What is the difference between the GeneXpert test and traditional TB tests?
A: The GeneXpert test is more rapid and accurate than traditional TB tests like sputum smear microscopy. It can also detect drug-resistant TB strains.
Q2: Can the GeneXpert test be used for diagnosing TB in children?
A: Yes, the GeneXpert test is suitable for diagnosing TB in children, and it is less dependent on sputum quality, which can be challenging to obtain from children.
Q3: Is the GeneXpert test available worldwide?
A: While it is available in many countries, its accessibility may vary. In some regions with limited resources, it may be primarily available in reference laboratories.
Q4: Can the GeneXpert test be used for monitoring TB treatment progress?
A: Yes, it can be used to monitor treatment response by checking if the TB bacteria are cleared from the respiratory samples.
Q5: Are there any side effects or risks associated with the GeneXpert test?
A: The test itself doesn’t have side effects. However, the collection of respiratory samples, such as sputum induction, may induce coughing or discomfort.
