Description
Serum, Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA), is a glycoprotein produced by cells of the prostate that remains free in the blood. Free PSA test measures the amount of unbound prostate-specific antigen in the blood, which helps physicians to identify problems such as prostate inflammation or tumor. Levels of PSA rise in conditions such as prostate cancer and also in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)., Non Fasting
Sample Required:
A blood sample is required for the Free PSA test. A healthcare provider will collect the blood sample from a vein in your arm using a needle.
Test Time:
The Free PSA test typically takes a few days for the results to be available. However, the exact time may vary depending on the laboratory’s workload.
Test Normal Range:
The normal range for Free PSA is typically reported as a percentage of the total PSA. The exact normal range may vary between laboratories, but in general, a Free PSA percentage greater than 25% is considered normal.
What is the Test?
The Free PSA test measures the proportion of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in the blood that is not bound to other proteins. PSA is a protein produced by the prostate gland. Elevated PSA levels can be associated with prostate conditions, including prostate cancer.
Test Procedure:
Here’s a general overview of the Free PSA test procedure:
A healthcare provider will draw a blood sample from a vein in your arm using a needle.
The blood sample is then sent to a laboratory for analysis.
Results are typically available within a few days.
When to Take the Test:
The Free PSA test is often recommended as part of the evaluation for prostate conditions, particularly when the total PSA level is moderately elevated (between 4 and 10 ng/mL). It helps differentiate between prostate cancer and non-cancerous conditions like benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).
Who Should Take This Test:
The Free PSA test is typically recommended for individuals with elevated total PSA levels or those at risk of prostate cancer. It aids in making more informed decisions about the need for further prostate evaluation, such as a prostate biopsy.
Precautions for Exceptional Cases (Pregnancy, etc.):
The Free PSA test is not affected by pregnancy or related conditions. However, it is primarily used in the evaluation of prostate conditions in men.
FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions):
Q1: What is the difference between Free PSA and Total PSA?
A: Total PSA measures all forms of prostate-specific antigen in the blood, while Free PSA measures the proportion that is not bound to other proteins. Free PSA can help determine the likelihood of prostate cancer when total PSA is moderately elevated.
Q2: Is a high Free PSA percentage a good or bad sign?
A: A higher Free PSA percentage (greater than 25%) is often considered a positive sign, as it suggests a lower likelihood of prostate cancer. However, the interpretation of PSA results should be discussed with a healthcare provider.
Q3: Can conditions other than cancer cause elevated PSA levels?
A: Yes, conditions like BPH, prostatitis (prostate inflammation), and urinary tract infections can also cause elevated PSA levels. Further evaluation is needed to determine the cause.
Q4: When should I consider a prostate biopsy?
A: A prostate biopsy is typically recommended when PSA levels, including Free PSA, are elevated and clinical factors indicate a potential risk of prostate cancer. This decision is made by a urologist or healthcare provider.
Q5: Are there any dietary or lifestyle factors that affect Free PSA levels?
A: Some factors, such as recent ejaculation or vigorous physical activity, can transiently elevate PSA levels. However, these factors do not significantly affect Free PSA percentages. It’s important to inform your healthcare provider about any recent activities or medications before the test.
